For July 2022 and January 2023 Sessions
SOLVED ASSIGNMENT BRITISH NOVEL
1. “Fielding is one of the most pro-woman writers in English.” Do you agree with this view? Justify your answer with illustrations from the text of Tom Jones.
Henry Fielding’s novel Tom Jones has been hailed as a masterpiece of English literature for its complex characters, richly detailed plot, and insightful social commentary. One of the recurring themes of the novel is the role of women in society and their treatment by men. While some critics have argued that Fielding is not particularly pro-woman in his writing, I believe that there is ample evidence in Tom Jones to support the view that Fielding is, in fact, one of the most pro-woman writers in English.
One of the key ways in which Fielding supports women in Tom Jones is through his depiction of female characters who are strong, independent, and capable of making their own decisions. For example, the character of Sophia Western is portrayed as intelligent, witty, and courageous, with a strong sense of her own worth and a determination to live her life on her own terms. Despite the obstacles she faces, such as the opposition of her father and the schemes of her rivals, Sophia remains true to herself and refuses to be dominated or controlled by anyone else.
Another way in which Fielding supports women is through his critique of the double standard that existed in 18th-century society, in which men were allowed to engage in sexual promiscuity while women were punished and shamed for the same behavior. In Tom Jones, Fielding challenges this double standard by portraying characters of both sexes who engage in sexual behavior outside of marriage. Rather than condemning these characters, however, Fielding is sympathetic to their desires and recognizes the limitations that society places on their freedom and happiness.
Furthermore, Fielding’s portrayal of women in Tom Jones often highlights the injustice and cruelty of the social and legal systems that discriminated against them. For example, the character of Jenny Jones, who is wrongly accused of infanticide, is a victim of the prejudices and assumptions that society held about unmarried women and their sexuality. Fielding uses this character to expose the flaws and biases of the legal system, and to call attention to the ways in which women were often denied justice and fair treatment.
Finally, it is important to note that Fielding’s writing is characterized by a deep sense of empathy and compassion for all of his characters, regardless of their gender or social status. He is not interested in creating one-dimensional caricatures of men or women, but rather in exploring the complexities and contradictions of human nature. This approach allows him to create female characters who are fully realized and multi-dimensional, with their own hopes, fears, and desires.
In conclusion, I believe that Henry Fielding is indeed one of the most pro-woman writers in English. Through his nuanced and complex portrayal of female characters in Tom Jones, he challenges the sexist and discriminatory attitudes of his time and recognizes the inherent worth and dignity of all human beings, regardless of gender. His writing is a testament to the power of literature to promote empathy, understanding, and social justice, and continues to inspire readers today.
2. Discuss how Pride and Prejudice engages with the theme of love and
marriage.
Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice is a novel that centers on the themes of love and marriage. Throughout the novel, Austen presents a satirical critique of the social norms surrounding marriage and the role that love plays in relationships. The novel also explores the different types of love, the different motives for marriage, and the power dynamics at play in relationships.
One of the most prominent themes in Pride and Prejudice is the idea that marriage should be based on love and not on social status or financial gain. The novel is set in a society where marriage was often viewed as a means of securing wealth and social status, and where the expectations placed on women to marry well were high. Austen challenges this view by presenting characters who prioritize love and compatibility over wealth and social status. For example, Elizabeth Bennet rejects the marriage proposal of Mr. Collins, despite his financial security and social connections, because she does not love him.
Austen also explores the different types of love that exist in the novel, including romantic love, familial love, and platonic love. Through the character of Elizabeth, Austen emphasizes the importance of finding a partner who is not only attractive, but also compatible intellectually and emotionally. She also emphasizes the importance of family relationships and the role that they play in shaping individuals’ views of love and marriage.
Another theme that Austen explores in Pride and Prejudice is the power dynamics at play in relationships, particularly between men and women. Austen is critical of the patriarchal society of her time, where women were often forced to rely on men for financial security and social status. She presents a complex view of power dynamics in relationships, showing that both men and women can be vulnerable and have power over each other.
Finally, Austen also explores the role of societal norms in shaping individuals’ views of love and marriage. The pressure to conform to social expectations is a constant theme throughout the novel, and Austen shows how this pressure can lead individuals to make decisions that are not in line with their true desires. For example, Charlotte Lucas marries Mr. Collins because she believes it is her only option for financial security, even though she does not love him.
In conclusion, Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice engages with the theme of love and marriage in a nuanced and complex way. Through her portrayal of characters who prioritize love and compatibility over wealth and social status, Austen challenges the societal norms of her time. She also explores the different types of love that exist, the power dynamics at play in relationships, and the role of societal expectations in shaping individuals’ views of love and marriage. The novel continues to be a timeless exploration of the human experience of love and the complex social dynamics that shape our relationships.
3. Heathcliff, in Emily Bronte’s novel Wuthering Heights is often referred to in derogatory terms by the other characters, as being ‘the evil beast’, ‘uncivilised’, ‘without refinement’ and so on. Do you agree with such a judgement of Heathcliff?
Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights centers around the enigmatic character of Heathcliff, who is often referred to in derogatory terms by other characters in the novel. While some readers may view Heathcliff as a villain, it is important to consider the complexities of his character and the circumstances that shaped his behavior.
Heathcliff is initially introduced to the reader as a child who has been taken in by the Earnshaw family, but he is treated poorly by the other members of the household due to his dark complexion and unknown background. This mistreatment by those around him leads to a deep-seated resentment and anger towards others, and a desire for revenge. This is exemplified in his treatment of Catherine, who he loves deeply but also punishes for her association with Edgar Linton, her future husband.
It is true that Heathcliff exhibits violent and abusive behavior throughout the novel, including towards women and children. However, it is important to consider the factors that led to his behavior, including his upbringing and treatment by others. The novel also portrays Heathcliff as a victim of circumstance, with his mistreatment and abuse at the hands of Hindley Earnshaw fueling his desire for revenge.
Furthermore, Heathcliff is also portrayed as a character with depth and complexity, who experiences a wide range of emotions, including love, anger, and despair. His love for Catherine, which drives much of his behavior, is intense and all-consuming. While his actions towards Catherine and others may be viewed as destructive, it is clear that his love for her is genuine and passionate.
Finally, it is worth noting that the judgments of other characters in the novel are not necessarily a reliable indicator of Heathcliff’s true nature. Many of the characters are flawed and biased, and their views of Heathcliff are shaped by their own prejudices and experiences. It is up to the reader to make their own judgments about Heathcliff based on the evidence presented in the novel.
In conclusion, while Heathcliff’s behavior in Wuthering Heights can certainly be viewed as problematic and even evil at times, it is important to consider the factors that shaped his character and behavior. Heathcliff is a complex and multifaceted character, and it is up to the reader to decide whether or not to view him in a derogatory manner. Ultimately, the novel presents a portrait of human nature that is both dark and hopeful, and encourages readers to grapple with the complexities of the human experience.
4. Comment on the symbolism of the title Heart of Darkness. 20
Joseph Conrad's novel Heart of Darkness is a deeply symbolic work that explores the darkness of the human soul and the nature of imperialism. The title itself is rich in symbolism and serves as a powerful metaphor for the themes and ideas that are explored throughout the novel.
One of the key meanings of the title is its literal significance: the novel is set in the heart of the African continent, where the protagonist Marlow is sent to retrieve a rogue trader named Kurtz. The physical journey to the center of Africa serves as a metaphor for the inner journey that Marlow and the reader undertake as they explore the darkness of the human soul.
The title also suggests a metaphorical interpretation of the journey into the heart of Africa. The darkness that Marlow encounters is not just a physical darkness but a darkness of the human soul, a darkness that exists within each of us. The journey into the heart of Africa is a journey into the depths of the human psyche, a journey that forces Marlow to confront his own inner demons and the darkness that lies within all of us.
Furthermore, the title can also be interpreted as a commentary on the nature of imperialism and the darkness that it brings with it. The colonial enterprise that Marlow is a part of is driven by greed, exploitation, and a desire for power. The title suggests that this imperialist enterprise is not just a physical journey but a journey into the darkness of the human soul, a journey that exposes the greed, exploitation, and brutality that underlie colonialism.
Another layer of symbolism in the title is the idea of the heart itself. The heart can be seen as a symbol of the human spirit, the seat of emotion, and the source of moral values. The title suggests that the journey into the heart of darkness is a journey into the very core of human nature, a journey that exposes the moral corruption and decay that lie at the heart of the human condition.
Finally, the title can also be seen as a reference to Kurtz, the enigmatic figure at the center of the novel. Kurtz is often described as having a powerful and charismatic presence, but he is also a figure of darkness, a man who has succumbed to the greed and exploitation of imperialism. The title suggests that Kurtz is the embodiment of the darkness that lies at the heart of imperialism, and that his descent into madness and despair is a warning of the dangers of unchecked power and ambition.
In conclusion, the symbolism of the title Heart of Darkness is rich and multifaceted, reflecting the complex themes and ideas that are explored throughout the novel. The title suggests a physical and metaphorical journey into the darkness of the human soul, a commentary on the nature of imperialism, a reference to the heart as a symbol of human nature and moral values, and a warning of the dangers of unchecked power and ambition.
5. Write a critical essay on the narrative technique adopted by Muriel Spark in The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie.
Muriel Spark's novel, The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie, is a masterclass in the use of narrative technique. Spark employs a variety of techniques to construct a multi-layered narrative that explores the complexities of the human psyche and the nature of power and influence.
One of the most striking narrative techniques employed by Spark is the use of multiple narrators. The novel is narrated by a chorus of girls who were students of Miss Brodie in the 1930s. These narrators provide different perspectives on Miss Brodie, highlighting the ambiguity of her character and the contradictory emotions that she evokes in those around her. The use of multiple narrators also allows Spark to explore the theme of memory and how it can be subjective and unreliable.
Spark also employs a non-linear narrative structure, jumping backwards and forwards in time to reveal different aspects of the story. This technique allows Spark to build tension and create a sense of mystery around Miss Brodie's character and her relationship with her students. It also allows Spark to explore the impact of Miss Brodie's actions on her students over a long period of time, revealing the lasting effects of her influence on their lives.
Another important narrative technique used by Spark is the use of symbolism and metaphor. The girls in Miss Brodie's class are often compared to characters from history and literature, highlighting their different personalities and the ways in which they are influenced by Miss Brodie. For example, Sandy is compared to Mary Queen of Scots, reflecting her conflicted loyalties and the sense of betrayal that she feels towards Miss Brodie. This use of symbolism adds depth and complexity to the characters and helps to create a rich and vivid portrait of their inner lives.
Finally, Spark employs a highly stylized prose style that is both lyrical and concise. Her use of language is precise and economical, yet also highly evocative, creating a vivid and immersive world that draws the reader in. Her prose is also full of wit and irony, highlighting the absurdity of human behavior and the ways in which people deceive themselves and others.
In conclusion, The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie is a tour de force of narrative technique, demonstrating Spark's mastery of a wide range of techniques including multiple narrators, non-linear narrative structure, symbolism and metaphor, and a highly stylized prose style. These techniques combine to create a rich and multi-layered narrative that explores the complexities of the human psyche and the nature of power and influence.