For July 2022 and January 2023 Sessions
INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIETY (BEGC 131)
1. Read the following passage and answer the questions in your own words.
i Mr. Jones, of the Manor Farm, had locked the hen-house for the night, but was too drunk to remember to shut the pop-holes. With the ring of the light from his lantern dancing from side to side, he lurched across the yard, and made his way up to bed, where Mrs. Jones was already snoring.
ii. As soon as the light in the bedroom went out, there was a stirring and a fluttering all through the farm buildings. Word had gone round during the day that old Major, the prize Middle White boar, had had a strange dream on the previous night and wished to communicate it to the other animals. it had been agreed that they should all meet in the big barn as soon as Mr. Jones was safely out of the way. Old Major was so highly regarded on the farm that everyone was quite ready to lose an hour’s sleep in order to hear what he had to say.
iii. All the animals were now present except Moses, the tame raven, who slept on a perch behind the back door. When Major saw that they had all made themselves comfortable and were waiting attentively, he cleared his throat and began:
‘Comrades, you have heard already about the strange dream that I had last night. But I will come to the dream later. I have something else to say first. I do not think, comrades that I shall be with you for many months longer, and before I die, I feel it may duty to pass on to you such wisdom as I have acquired. I have had a long life, I have had much time for thought as I lay alone in my stall, and I think I may say that I understand the nature of life on this earth as well as any animal now living. It is about this that I wish to speak to you.’
iv. ‘Now, comrades, what is the nature of this life of ours? Let us face it; our lives are miserable, laborious, and short. We are born, we are given just so much food as will keep the breath in our bodies, and hose of us who are capable of it are forced to work to the last atom of our strength; and the very instant that our usefulness has come to an end we are slaughtered with hideous cruelty.’( George Orwell’s Animal Farm)
1. Why was the ring of light from Mr. Jones’s lantern dancing from side to side?
2. Where had the animals agreed to meet?
3. Why had they assembled there?
4
4. What does old Major want to share with the animals?
5. Pick out the three words Major uses to describe the lives of the animals. Why does he use these words?
1 The ring of light from Mr. Jones's lantern was dancing from side to side because he was too drunk to walk steadily.
2 The animals had agreed to meet in the big barn.
3 The animals had assembled there to hear what old Major, the prize Middle White boar, had to say about his strange dream from the previous night.
4 Old Major wants to share his wisdom and understanding of the nature of life on earth with the animals before he dies.
5 The three words that Major uses to describe the lives of the animals are miserable, laborious, and short. He uses these words to highlight the harsh reality of their lives and to emphasize the need for change and revolution. He wants the animals to realize their worth and take control of their lives instead of being enslaved and mistreated by humans.
2. Make sentences of your own with the following words:
1. Snoring
2. Stirring
3. Fluttering
4. Tame
5. Lurched
I couldn't sleep because my roommate was snoring loudly all night.
The smell of bacon frying in the kitchen was enough to start stirring my appetite.
The leaves of the trees were fluttering in the wind as I walked through the park.
The once-feral cat had become quite tame after a few weeks of living with us.
He lurched forward as the train started moving, struggling to maintain his balance.
SECTION B
1. Rewrite the following sentences as directed:
1) A dozen people _________ (Fill in with the correct form of ‘be’) injured in yesterday’s accident.
2) __________ you busy now? (Fill in with the correct form of ‘be’)
3) I ________ going to the cinema to-night. (Fill in with the correct form of ‘be’)
4) There _________ many people in India even now who cannot read and write. (Fill in with the correct form of ‘be’)
5) I ____________ surprised to meet Raj yesterday evening. (Fill in with the correct form of ‘be’)
6) I think this __________ the most interesting of Chetan Bhagat’s novels. (Fill in with the correct form of ‘be’)
7) ______ you know how to make a pasta in white sauce? (Fill in the blank with do or does).
8) I ________ not think I can come with you. (Fill in the blank with do or does)
9) _________ you father work at the bank? (Fill in the blank with do or does)
10) ___________ he come to office by the metro train? (Fill in the blank with do or does)
11) How _____ we get there? (Fill in the blanks with have or has)
12) __________ they got a school in their village? (Fill in the blanks with have or has)
13) Now you __________ learnt the secret of happiness. (Fill in the blanks with have or has)
14) _______ he arrived already? (Fill in the blanks with have or has)
15) I sometimes _________ my breakfast at a restaurant. (Fill in the blanks with have
- A dozen people were injured in yesterday’s accident.
- Are you busy now?
- I am going to the cinema tonight.
- There are many people in India even now who cannot read and write.
- I was surprised to meet Raj yesterday evening.
- I think this is the most interesting of Chetan Bhagat's novels.
- Do you know how to make pasta in white sauce?
- I do not think I can come with you.
- Does your father work at the bank?
- Does he come to the office by metro train?
- How will we get there?
- Do they have a school in their village?
- Now you have learnt the secret of happiness.
- Has he arrived already?
- I sometimes have my breakfast at a restaurant.
2. Match Column A with words similar in meaning in Column B.
A B
1. Preserved deteriorated
2. Prohibited enjoy
3. Destroyed looked after
4. Pleasure forbidden
5. Impoverished job
6. Clean depleted
7. Employment pure
8. Environment lively
9. Diligent neighbourhood
10 Active studious
Preserved pure
Prohibited forbidden
Destroyed deteriorated
Pleasure enjoy
Impoverished depleted
Clean pure
Employment job
Environment neighbourhood
Diligent studious
Active lively
SECTION C
1. Write a speech of your own on Challenges and Opportunities in the National Education Policy (NEP) and its implementation.
Ladies and Gentlemen,
It is an honor for me to address you today on the topic of Challenges and Opportunities in the National Education Policy (NEP) and its implementation. The NEP is a landmark policy document that aims to transform the education system in India.
The policy envisions an education system that is holistic, multi-disciplinary, and student-centric. It aims to provide universal access to quality education, bridge the gap between vocational and academic education, promote research and innovation, and enhance the employability of graduates. The NEP also seeks to promote equity and inclusivity, and to ensure that no child is left behind.
However, the implementation of the NEP is not without its challenges. The policy calls for significant changes in the way education is delivered and managed, and it will require a concerted effort from all stakeholders to ensure its success. One of the major challenges is the need to create a conducive environment for innovation and experimentation, as well as to promote a culture of continuous learning and professional development among teachers.
Another challenge is the need to ensure that the policy is implemented in a manner that is equitable and inclusive, and that it reaches all sections of society, especially the most marginalized and disadvantaged. This will require a focus on building the capacity of schools and teachers in rural and remote areas, as well as the provision of adequate resources and infrastructure.
Despite these challenges, the NEP also presents numerous opportunities for the education sector in India. It provides a framework for the development of a modern, flexible, and dynamic education system that can meet the diverse needs and aspirations of students. It also provides an opportunity for collaboration between the government, industry, and academia, and for the development of innovative solutions to the challenges facing the education sector.
In conclusion, the NEP represents a significant step forward for the education sector in India, but its success will depend on our ability to overcome the challenges and seize the opportunities presented by the policy. Let us work together to ensure that every child in India has access to quality education and a bright future. Thank you.
2. You are resident of a locality in Delhi. Write a report on various steps taken by your residential locality to improve environment in your neighbourhood.
Report on Steps taken by Residential Locality to Improve Environment
Introduction:
Our residential locality is located in the heart of Delhi and is home to a diverse group of people. Over the years, we have faced numerous environmental challenges such as air and noise pollution, water scarcity, and waste management. To tackle these challenges, our locality has taken several steps to improve the environment in our neighbourhood.
Air Pollution:
One of the most pressing environmental challenges that our locality faces is air pollution. To tackle this issue, we have taken several steps. Firstly, we have encouraged the use of public transport by providing subsidies to residents who use buses, metro trains or cycles. Secondly, we have planted trees and shrubs in various parts of the locality to reduce the amount of dust and pollutants in the air. Thirdly, we have also launched campaigns to educate residents on the harmful effects of burning garbage, leaves and plastics.
Noise Pollution:
Noise pollution is another major issue that affects the quality of life in our locality. To address this issue, we have taken several steps. We have encouraged residents to use low-decibel sound systems and have also launched campaigns to raise awareness about the negative effects of loud music and honking on the roads. We have also imposed fines on construction sites that violate noise pollution norms.
Water Scarcity:
Water scarcity is a problem that is prevalent in many parts of Delhi, and our locality is no exception. To tackle this issue, we have implemented a rainwater harvesting system in many residential buildings. We have also launched campaigns to encourage residents to use water judiciously and to fix leaks in their taps and pipes.
Waste Management:
Waste management is a major challenge that our locality faces. To tackle this issue, we have launched several initiatives. We have encouraged residents to segregate waste at source and to compost organic waste. We have also collaborated with NGOs and waste management companies to set up recycling centres and composting units.
Conclusion:
Our locality has taken several steps to improve the environment in our neighbourhood. While there is still a long way to go, we are confident that our efforts will yield positive results. We hope that other localities in Delhi will also take similar steps to address the environmental challenges that we face. Together, we can make Delhi a cleaner, greener and more sustainable city.
3. Your friend is visiting Delhi and has written to you to suggest a good place to stay for a week. Write a letter to her suggesting a good hotel for accommodation.
Dear [Friend's Name],
I hope this letter finds you in good health and high spirits. It gives me immense pleasure to know that you are planning to visit Delhi. I am sure you will enjoy exploring the city's rich cultural heritage and diverse cuisine.
Regarding your accommodation, I would highly recommend staying at Hotel Taj Palace. It is a luxurious five-star hotel located in the heart of the city and offers a comfortable and memorable stay to its guests. The hotel has all the modern amenities and facilities one could ask for, including a fitness center, swimming pool, spa, and various dining options.
The hotel's location is also ideal as it is situated in close proximity to many popular tourist destinations such as India Gate, Humayun's Tomb, and Qutub Minar. The hotel's staff is courteous and always ready to assist you with anything you need.
I am sure you will have a pleasant and comfortable stay at Hotel Taj Palace. Please let me know if you need any further assistance or information. I am always here to help.
Looking forward to seeing you soon.
Warm regards,
[Your Name]
